浅谈谱质心对弹拨乐单音悦耳度的影响

探讨了民族弹拨乐器声学特性的客观参数中,衡量能量分布的谱质心参数与主观听觉悦耳度之间的联系.挑选了一些常见的民族弹拨乐器的单音进行音质主观评价,利用多元统计分析方法将整理的主观评价数据与谱质心的客观参数进行拟合,较全面地了解谱质心对民族弹拨乐单音悦耳度的影响.对民族乐器客观分析研究做了初期探究基础,为专家学者广泛研究民族乐器声学领域提供参考.     

双弹性板矩形空腔内噪声的有源力控制

研究了在弹性板上施加不同参数的有源力对腔内噪声进行控制的问题。构建双弹性板构成的封闭矩形声腔模型，对封闭声腔的结构 声耦合特性进行分析，推导了在封闭声腔有源力控制作用下声压计算公式，给出采用有源力控制的最优控制模型。分析了弹性板在不同参数的次级力源激励下腔内局部声场的声压级响应，并建立了仿真模型对局部声场的减噪效果进行分析。结果表明，合理选择次级力源的参数对控制效果的影响较为明显，且次级力源的个数并非越多越好。     

水平旋流内消能泄洪洞结构应力分析研究

根据水平旋流内消能泄洪洞水力特性,旋转水流在水平旋流洞内形成的非均匀内水压力沿程变幅大,各部位结构受力差异大,不便于结构设计.该文利用有限元软件对水平旋流洞典型断面进行有限元分析,计算其应力分布,结合加筋和运行期放空的情况进行对比,分析其应力的分布特点和影响因素.结果表明,水平旋流洞末端的阻塞在减缓水平洞流速的同时,会引起局部应力增大,应考虑加环向钢筋等措施;当环向钢筋不能有效降低结构应力值时,可考虑设置钢衬或采用高标号混凝土,既可以提高隧洞的结构抗力,又可以起到防止和减轻空蚀的作用.     

不同结构石墨烯发声器的热声效率

为了研究不同石墨烯发声器结构对热声效率的影响,建立了石墨烯发声器的声压解析模型,对单层石墨烯发声器、多层石墨烯发声器以及镍铬基的泡沫石墨烯发声器的发声效率进行了理论与实验研究。首先,介绍了石墨烯发声器的工作原理,建立了石墨烯发声器的周期性温度变化模型和声压解析模型。然后,实验研究了单层石墨烯发声器、多层石墨烯发声器以及镍铬基的泡沫石墨烯发声器的热声效率。实验结果表明在14~25 kHz内,施加6 V交流电,测距为6 cm的条件下,单层、多层和泡沫石墨烯发声器的最高SPL分别为35.19,20.36和33.42 dB,SPL理论值最高约为37.45 dB。具有较低电阻,较低比热容,较高导热率的石墨烯发声器可以获得较高的热声效率和声压。     

Vortex characteristics due to nozzle clogging in water caster mould: modelling and validation

In continuous slab casting, clogging in the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) ports leads to flow asymmetry and vortex formation in the mould. Knowledge of vortexing and its influence on product quality is fundamental for defect-free production. In this study, the interconnected effects of nozzle clogging and SEN submergence depth, variation on flow asymmetry and vortex characteristics in a 0.4 scale water caster have been characterised by CFD investigation and validated with experimental results from the authors’ previous work. Mean flow velocities at the sub-meniscus and near the port exit predicted by the computational model are compared with the time-averaged values of the impeller probe velocity measurements and found to be in reasonable agreement. Three different clogging conditions (0, 33 and 66% in the left port of the SEN) for SEN submergence depth of 60?mm are studied and the 66% clogging produced vortices having largest diameter, which is consistent with the experimental observations. The effects of SEN submergence depth on flow asymmetry and vortexing are investigated with three different conditions – 40, 60 and 80?mm. It is found that the shallow SEN submergence depth (40?mm) produces vortices of largest diameter and the flow is most stable for a SEN submergence depth of 60?mm among the three cases. Vortex bending towards the SEN as noticed in the experimental observations is also observed in the computational study. This work illustrates the possibility of capturing features of vortexing using validated CFD model.     

动车组司机室空调蒸发器气动噪声数值仿真

为研究动车组司机室空调蒸发器的噪声响应，建立某型司机室分体式空调蒸发器的计算流体动力学模型，采用FLUENT中的大涡模拟（large eddy simulation, LES）计算瞬态气动流场。对瞬态流场数据进行傅里叶变换，得到空气流场的频域数据。基于流场频域数据，采用Virtual.Lab的边界元法计算蒸发器的气动噪声，采用声压法计算蒸发器的辐射声功率，并与测试结果进行对比分析。结果表明：蒸发器出口位置气动噪声最高，最大声压级高于56 dB；最大声功率级出现在125~400 Hz的低频段；声功率级随着频率的增加逐渐降低，但在5 000 Hz的高频辐射中声功率级仍然超过55 dB，这表明空调蒸发器气动噪声属于宽频噪声；计算结果与测试结果吻合良好，验证声压法计算空调蒸发器气动声功率可行。     

AudioDirector软件在声音处理中的应用研究

通过AudioDirector软件在声音处理中的应用，包括音频管理、音频编缉、音频修复及音频混合功能，是一套功能强大、操作直觉化的专业声音处理软件。     

一种简易校验系统在气固两相流流速测量设备的应用

针对气固两相流流速测量设备在开发和应用时会出现各种问题的情况,利用电脑声卡、Matlab软件和研制的信号接入板设计了电厂风粉两相流流速校验系统,并在某电厂微波法测流量的实验台上进行了应用。结果表明:校验系统经济、便捷、简单可行,能够满足电厂风粉两相流流速校验和故障检测要求。同时校验系统对气固两相流测量设备的检测、维护、校验有广泛的工程实用价值。     

Magnetization reversal in asymmetric trilayer dots: effect of the interlayer magnetostatic coupling

The spin structure and magnetization reversal in Co/insulator/Fe trilayer nanodots are investigated by micromagnetic simulations. The vortex and C-state are found and the magnetization reversal is dominated by the shape asymmetry of the dots, which is produced by cutting off a fraction of the circular dot. The vortex chirality is thus controlled by the magnetic field direction. On the other hand, the magnetostatic interaction between the top and bottom magnetic layers has interesting influence on the dot reversal process, where the magnetocrystalline anisotropy direction of the Co layer is allowed to vary within the layer plane. The combined effect of these two aspects is discussed on the base of dot coercivity, remanent magnetization, vortex nucleation and annihilation, and the bias of the Fe layer hysteresis loop. While leading to a new S-state in circle dots, the interlayer interaction facilitates the formation of C-state in asymmetric dots, which reduces the vortex nucleation field. The bias effect of all dots is decreased with the deviation of the Co layer easy axis from the field direction. Unlike the circle and semicircle dots, the field range of the vortex state in other asymmetric dots increases with the angle between the cutting direction and the Co layer anisotropy. Additionally, vortex ranges in less asymmetric dots even larger than that in the circle dots are evidenced unexpectedly. Therefore, the control of the vortex chirality and enhancement of the vortex range are found simultaneously.     

矩形板在临界频率处的声辐射特性分析

首先建立无限大薄板的声辐射模型,分析其在不同振动频率下的声辐射效率,进而分析有限大矩形板的声辐射效率随激振频率的变化规律,并从相元的角度探究矩形平板在临界频率附近的声辐射效率趋近于1的原因。结果表明,若将板表面划分成活塞小单元,随着频率的增大,对声辐射贡献的活塞单元越多,所以高频时结构的声辐射效率趋近于1。